Effectiveness of Biosensor-Based Smart Wound Dressings in Chronic Wound Healing Among Adults with DiabetesMellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/ijmh.v5i3.6418Keywords:
Biosensor, Chronic Wound, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Smart Wound DressingAbstract
Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of chronic wounds, particularly diabetic foot ulcers, through neuropathy, impaired perfusion, persistent inflammation, immune dysfunction, oxidative stress, and susceptibility to infection. Conventional wound assessment remains episodic and largely dependent on clinical observation, potentially delaying recognition of changes in the wound microenvironment. Biosensor-based smart wound dressings enable real-time monitoring of pH, temperature, oxygen, bioimpedance, metabolites, inflammatory mediators, and proteolytic biomarkers, while several platforms also integrate responsive therapy. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness, mechanisms, clinical benefits, and limitations of biosensor-based smart wound dressings in supporting chronic wound healing in adults with diabetes mellitus. A descriptive qualitative method was employed. Data were collected using documentation techniques focusing on scientific information related to biosensor characteristics, wound parameters, mechanisms of action, healing outcomes, clinical benefits, and technological limitations. Data were analyzed through reduction, categorization, interpretation, cross-source comparison, and conclusion drawing, while source triangulation was used to strengthen the credibility of the findings. The findings indicate that smart wound dressings have strong potential to improve objective wound monitoring, enable earlier recognition of pathological changes, and support more adaptive treatment. The most consistent effectiveness is currently demonstrated at technological and biological levels, whereas direct clinical benefits in adults with diabetes remain limited. Smart wound dressings should therefore be positioned as adjunctive technologies within multidisciplinary wound care rather than replacements for debridement, offloading, infection control, vascular assessment, and metabolic management.
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