Formulation and Testing of SPF (Sun Protection Factor) Values of Nanoemulsion-Based Sunscreen Lotion from Raspberry (Rubus rosifolius Sm.) Fruit Extract
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/ijmh.v5i3.6438Keywords:
Nanoemulsion, Raspberry Fruit, SPF, Sunscreen Lotion, Rubus rosifolius Sm.Abstract
Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation can cause skin damage, making the use of sunscreen necessary. Raspberry fruit (Rubus rosifolius Sm.) contains phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, and vitamin C, which have potential as natural antioxidants and active ingredients in sunscreen formulations. This study aimed to formulate raspberry fruit extract into a nanoemulsion, incorporate it into a sunscreen lotion formulation, and analyze the effect of different extract concentrations on SPF values. This experimental study used raspberry fruit extract obtained through maceration with 96% ethanol. The extract was formulated into a nanoemulsion using VCO, Tween 80, and PEG 400, and subsequently incorporated into lotion formulations at concentrations of 0% (F0), 10% (F1), 12.5% (F2), and 15% (F3). The nanoemulsion was evaluated based on organoleptic characteristics and particle size, while the lotion was evaluated for organoleptic characteristics, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, viscosity, hedonic properties, and SPF value. The results showed that raspberry fruit extract was successfully formulated into a nanoemulsion with particle sizes ranging from 13.54 to 21.70 nm. All lotion formulations meet the physical quality requirements during four weeks of storage. The mean SPF values were 17,126 for F0, 17,666 for F1, 18,520 for F2, and 19,980 for F3. Statistical analysis showed that increasing the extract concentration had a significant effect on SPF values (p < 0.001). All formulations were classified as providing ultra protection, with F3 (15%) producing the highest SPF value and the most optimal UV protection.
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